A neck sprain or strain is a common spine injury.  A sprain or strain is a painful soft tissue disorder.  A sprain is an injury to a ligament.  A strain is an injury to a tendon or muscle.  Whiplash is an example of a sprain and strain type injury.

Symptoms
Sprain and strain symptoms include:

Talk with your doctor
Sprain and strain symptoms may not be apparent after injury.  Sometimes symptoms develop hours or days after.  Sudden pain or pain that is severe, or that becomes chronic or progressive, requires evaluation by your doctor.  Even if you have consulted with your doctor about a sprain or strain, seek medical if any of these symptoms develop:

• Weakness
• Loss of coordination; hand clumsiness
• Balance problems
• Difficulty walking
• Bladder or bowel dysfunction (rare)
• Paralysis (rare)

Diagnosis
Your doctor collects and compares information gathered while talking with you about your medical history and past and existing symptoms.  A physical and neurological examination looks for limitations of movement, balance difficulties, and what exacerbates and relieves pain.  During the exam he tests your reflexes, muscle strength, sensations, or other signs of neurologic loss.  Your doctor may order imaging studies such as plain x-ray, CT, or MRI to study and confirm you diagnosis to direct your treatment plan.

Treatment
Surgery to treat a sprain or strain is rare.  Most patients respond to non-surgical care:

• Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
• Muscle relaxant medication
• Pain medication (occasionally, a narcotic)
• Cold and heat therapy
• Soft cervical collar or brace
• Soft tissue massage
• Physical therapy
• Cervical (neck) or lumbar (low back) traction
• Alternative therapies (eg, acupuncture)

Your treatment may include information to help you correct any problems with your posture and body mechanics.  Correct posture at rest and during activity can help your sprain or strain to heal and may help recurrence.

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